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20 March 2015, Volume 13 Issue 2 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Basic Research Articles

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An experimental study of a novel double-layer chitosan membrane for guided bone regeneration in rat calvarial defects CHEN Qi, WAN Guang-yong, ZHANG Shan-yong, JIAO Zi-xian 2015, 13 (2):  97-104.  Abstract ( 411 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (3012KB) ( 245 )   PURPOSE: To compare new bone formation in rat calvarial defects using novel double-layer chitosan membranes (DLCM) or collagen (Bio-Gide) membranes, and evaluate the feasibility as guided bone regeneration (GBR) membrane. METHODS: The MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured on the DLCM for 2 days, then SEM was used to observe the attachment of the cell line to the membrane. The cytotoxicity of the DLCM was tested by CCK-8 assay at day 3, 7 and 10. Eighteen (18)SD rats were selected, and then divided into 3 groups (A,B and C). Two calvarial critical-sized defects (CSDs), 5 mm in diameter, were created symmetrically on the bilateral sides of the midline using a trephine bur. Right defect was covered with a resorbable collagen membrane (Bio-Gide) as a control and the left side was covered with DLCM. The rats were sacrificed 2, 4 and 8 weeks after surgery. The specimens were then analysed using micro-CT and histological methods,to compare new bone formation in rat calvarial defects using the two membranes. The data was analyzed for Student’s t test with SPSS20.0 software package. RESULTS: From the SEM image of MC3T3-E1 cells on the double-layer chitosan membrane after being cultured for 2 days. It was found that the cells adhered well to the porous layer. The results of cytotoxicity showed that cell proliferation rates of the experimental groups were 114.49%, 107.17% and 98.73% at day 3,7 and10, respectively, while the cytotoxicity was in grade 0 or 1, indicating that the chitosan membrane had low cytotoxicity. At 2 week, there were significant differences in bone volume (BV) and bone volume/total volume (BVF, BV/TV) (P<0.05) between the collagen group and the chitosan membrane group. But at 4 and 8 week, there was no significant difference in BV and BVF (P>0.05) between the 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS: This pilot study indicated that the in vitro and in vivo bioactivities of the novel chitosan membrane fulfilled the requirements for GBR, and has significant potential as a GBR membrane. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of radiation on the expression of TGF-β1 and Smads in MC3T3 E1 cells LIU Guang-long, LIU Zhong-long, FU Shui-ting, HU Hai-sheng, HE Yue 2015, 13 (2):  105-109.  Abstract ( 252 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (719KB) ( 283 )   PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of radiation on cell proliferation and expression of TGF-β1 and Smad3/P-Smad3 in MC3T3-E1 cells. METHODS: The mouse embryos ossification cell line MC3T3-E1 was used, which was given a single dose of 8 Gy by 4MV linear accelerator. Cell proliferation after irradiation was detected by CCK-8, real-time PCR and Western blot, respectively. Gene and protein expression of TGF-β1, Smad3 was detected by 2-ΔΔct and densitometric analysis were used to analyze the expression level of genes and proteins, respectively. SPSS 13.0 software package was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: After irradiation of 8 Gy, cell growth slowed significantly compared with the control group; the gene expression of Smad3 and TGF-β1 had no significant change after irradiation for 0.5 h and 1 h (P>0.05), until 1.5 h (P<0.05); the protein expression of P-Smad3 and TGF-β1 raised obviously on the first day. The difference between exposure group and control group gradually decreased on day 3 and 5. The protein expression of TGF-β1 and P-Smad3 reached peak on the first and third day, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: 8 Gy dose irradiation inhibits cell proliferation and increases the expression of TGF-β1 and Smad3/P-Smad3 on gene and protein level. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Expression and significance of p21 Waf1/Cip1 during the disappearance of MEE/MES in lateral palatine process LI Hong-yu, ZHANG Ya-dong, DONG Shi-yi, WANG Wei-cai, WANG Jian-ning, WANG Miao, HUANG Hong-zhang 2015, 13 (2):  110-116.  Abstract ( 338 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (5848KB) ( 350 )   PURPOSE: To investigate the expression of p21 Waf1/Cip1（p21） related protein Notch1, Jag1, Jag2 and p21 in lateral palatine process of normal embryonic mouse and embryonic mouse with cleft palate, especially in MEE/MES, and explore the significance of p21 during the disappearance of MEE/MES. METHODS: Embryonic mouse with cleft palate was induced by all-trans retinoic acid (atRA), the control group was given the equivalent volume of corn oil. The embryonic palates on the 13.5 gestation day (GD13.5), GD14.5, GD15.5 and GD16.5 were obtained. The specimens were observed under acridine orange staining. The expression of p21, Notch1, Jag1 and Jag2 was detected by immunehistochemistry. RESULTS: The expression of p21, Notch1, Jag1 and Jag2 in the experimental group was negative in MEE/MES cells on each gestation day, while it was positive in the control group on GD14.5 and GD15.5. On GD15.5, palate was fused with the disappearance of MES in the control group, whereas MEE / MES did not completely subside in the experimental group. On GD16.5, palate was fused completely in the control group while palate was not fuse in the experimental group, leading to cleft palate. The expression of Jag1, Jag2 and Notch1 was still positive in all epithelium of lateral palatine process. However, p21 only appeared in the nasal side. Palate fused completely in control group while palate was not fused in the experimental group, leading to cleft palate. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that the expression of p21, Notch1, Jag1 and Jag2 was differential in specific time and space in the epithelium of embryonic mouse lateral palatine process, and p21 was involved in apoptosis and differentiation in lateral palatine process epithelia, especially in the process of ΔNp63 regulating the disappearance of MEE/MES. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Histological change of rabbit oral mucosa after fractional Er:YAG laser irradiation TIAN Hai-suo, LIN Dong-peng, ZHAO Tian-yi, YU Bo, MA Qin 2015, 13 (2):  117-123.  Abstract ( 528 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (4089KB) ( 310 )   PURPOSE: Histological changes were studied to evaluate the effect of fractional Er:YAG laser treatment on oral mucosa tissues. METHODS: The rabbit oral mucosa was irradiated with Er:YAG laser. The epithelial thickness, lamina propria collagen fiber and elastic fiber content were assessed at 1, 2, 4 weeks after OP. H-E staining, Masson staining and elastic fiber staining were utilized. The experimental results were statistically analyzed by SPSS19.0 software package. RESULTS: After dot matrix Er:YAG irradiation, mucosal damage zone was limited only within the mucosal epithelium, and healed completely in 3-7 days, without leaving scar and pigment. The epithelial thickness was increased significantly (P<0.05), and the lamina propria collagen fiber and elastic fiber content were increased significantly (P< 0.05). After fractional Er:YAG laser irradiation, the rabbit had a small oral mucosa lesion and healed quickly. The epithelial remodeled. The mucosa lamina propria collagen contracted. CONCLUSIONS: After fractional Er:YAG laser irradiation, collagen fiber and elastic fiber proliferated and remodeled. The mucosa was tightening and the mucous membrane elasticity was increased. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Endoscopic lift of the maxillary sinus floor in Beagle dogs ZHENG Ji-si, CHIU Han-hsuan, ZHANG Shan-yong, YANG Chi, ZHANG Ying 2015, 13 (2):  124-128.  Abstract ( 349 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1370KB) ( 251 )   PURPOSE: To introduce a modified endoscopic lift of the floor of the maxillary sinus in Beagle dogs. METHODS: Twelve operations (bilateral and randomly chosen) were done in 6 Beagle dogs in the experimental group (modified endoscopic operation) and the control group, in which the operation was done with an osteotome. All operations were evaluated by 2 indices of safety (perforation of the sinus membrane and nasal bleeding) and 3 effective indices (intraoperative height after lifting, volume of bone grafts, and dislocation of the sinus grafts). Wilcoxon sign rank test was conducted using SAS 9.0 software package. RESULTS: The intraoperative height after lifting was (13.7±0.8) mm in the experimental group and (9.1±0.5) mm in the control group, significant difference existed between the 2 groups (P=0.0001). Similarly, the volume of bone graft was (0.9±0.04) mL in the experimental group and (0.5±0.02) mL in the control group (P=0.0001). The volume of the anterior and posterior bone grafts in the implant cavity in the experimental group had no significant difference (P=0.102), while there was significant difference in the control group (P=0.002). CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopic lifting of the floor of the maxillary sinus is a safe and effective approach based on direct observation in Beagle dogs. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Clinical Articles

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Application of bone grafting in glenoid fossa to improve the stability of Biomet fossa prosthesis in 8 consecutive cases BAI Guo, YANG Chi, HE Dong-mei, ZHANG Xiao-hu, CHEN Min-jie 2015, 13 (2):  129-133.  Abstract ( 326 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1385KB) ( 415 )   PURPOSE: To investigate the value of bone grafting in glenoid fossa to improve the stability of Biomet fossa prosthesis implantation. METHODS: Patients who needed total temporomandibular joint replacement surgery from Nov. 2013 to Feb. 2014 were included in this study. Bone grafting in glenoid fossa was performed on each patient instead of conventional bone trimming on articular tubercle. Postoperative measurement of bone attachment area of articular tubercle, bone graft and the top of fossa prosthesis was performed using the ProPlan CMF 1.4 software to determine the stability of the fossa prosthesis. Immediate CT was taken and imported into Proplan software again to evaluate the outcome of bone grafting, Student’s t test was used for statistical analysis with SPSS 19.0 software package. RESULTS: The intraoperative stability of fossa prosthesis was guaranteed and postoperative measurement showed that bone grafting in glenoid fossa increased bone attachment rate of 34.86% than the bone trimming on articular tubercle (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Bone grafting in glenoid fossa could significantly improve the stability of Biomet fossa prosthesis with a reliable outcome. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A clinical study on application of free medial sural artery perforator flap for tongue reconstruction HE Yue, FANG Zao, JIN Shu-fang, ZHANG Chen-ping, ZHANG Zhi-yuan 2015, 13 (2):  134-139.  Abstract ( 318 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1624KB) ( 375 )   PURPOSE: To investigate the feasibility and clinical effectiveness of using medial sural artery perforator flap for reconstruction of tongue defects, and to provide clinical applications of medial sural artery perforator flap in reconstruction of tongue defect. METHODS: Preoperative CT angiography (CTA) technique was performed in mapping the medial sural artery perforating branches in 9 Chinese adult patients with tongue squamous cell carcinoma. The perforator flap was used for tongue reconstruction in 9 patients. The function of reconstructed tongue and donor site were evaluated during 1 and 3 months postoperatively in 8 patients whose reconstructive tongue survived. RESULTS: The length of pedicle was long, the diameter of the vascular pedicle matched the recipient vessel in the neck region, with minor donor site complication. The reconstructed tongue was plump, the function of voice and swallowing was favorable, but the sensation was not good. As for the donor sites, all patients had only linear scars, there was no impact on their motor function. CONCLUSIONS: The medial sural artery perforator flap is thin and suitable for reconstruction of tongue defects. Postoperative voice and swallow are good. The donor site is unconspicuous without serious influence on shape and function. The medial sural artery perforator flap is an excellent alternative for tongue reconstruction. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Reconstruction of severely atrophied jaw by orthognathic surgery and interpositional bone augmentation ZHOU Miao, Hendrik Terheyden, PIAO Zheng-guo 2015, 13 (2):  140-146.  Abstract ( 514 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1293KB) ( 320 )   PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of rehabilitation of severely atrophied jaw by orthognathic surgery and interpostional bone augmentation. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review of 12 patients who had received orthognathic surgery and interpostional bone augmentation (maxilla: Le Fort I osteotomy + maxillary sinus elevation + onlay; mandible: interposition + onlay). The study group included 5 males and 7 females, aged 59 to 77 years (mean, 67.9 years). Four to six months after jaw reconstruction, one hundred and twenty-two implants were embedded. After another 4-6 months, the implants prostheses were successfully made. The survival of the dental implants and the final prosthesis were evaluated by clinical and radiographic examinations. RESULTS: Except for 2 lost implants, the other fixtures functioned successfully after 30-61 months of follow-up. Cumulative survival and success rates of all fixtures were 98.36%. The patients' profile and masticatory efficiency were significantly improved after implant prosthesis. SPSS 13.0 software package was used for statistical analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Orthognathic surgery and interpostional bone augmentation are promising methods to rehabilitate the facial contour and dental function in those patients with extremely atrophied jaw. Due to limited follow-up peroid, the long-term results need to be investigated. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion on the dimension of the nasal air way and nasal air resistance NIE Ping, TAO Li, TANG Yan-mei, ZHAO Yan-hui, WANG Xiao-ling, ZHU Min 2015, 13 (2):  147-150.  Abstract ( 424 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (970KB) ( 750 )   PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion (SARME) on the volume of the nasal cavity and nasal air resistance in adults. METHODS: The sample comprised 16 patients with maxillary transverse deficiency. They had unilateral or bilateral posterior crossbites. Spiral CT scans and acoustic rhinometry were taken to evaluate the changes of nasal cavity width, nasal cavity volume, minimal cross-sectional area and nasal airway resistance before and 3 months after SARME. The parameters were analyzed with SPSS16.0 software package for paired t test. RESULTS: No statistically significant differences were found in the upper or middle part of the nasal cavity widths (P>0.05), but there was a significant increase in nasal floor width (P<0.01). And there were significant increases in nasal volume and minimal cross-sectional area (P<0.05), and decrease in nasal resistance (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: SARME is likely to improve the dimension of the nasal air way in adults, and decrease the nasal resistance. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The measurement data related to cranio-mandibular bones for research and development of total temporomandibular joint prosthesis JIAO Zi-xian, ZHENG Ji-si, LIU Huan, QIU Han-xuan, CAO Wei, ZHANG Shan-yong, YANG Chi 2015, 13 (2):  151-154.  Abstract ( 528 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (666KB) ( 486 )   PURPOSE: This study was aimed to measure and analyze relevant data in adult bilateral temporomandibular joint (TMJ) using spiral CT scanning, and provide basis for research and development of standard TMJ prosthesis. METHODS: Eighty adults without TMJ diseases were selected to undergo spiral CT examination, cranio-mandibular bones were reconstructed and measured with Simplant Pro 11.04 software. SAS 8.02 software package was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Satisfactory reconstruction images were acquired in 400 patients. Relevant data of zygomatic arch, articular fossa, TMJ condyle and mandible was obtained. CONCLUSIONS: The results and analysis of TMJ-relevant anatomic data can provide support for research and development of standard total TMJ prosthesis. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Evaluation of soft tissue healing after intracapsular condylar fracture by MRI CAI Yi-hua, HE Dong-mei, YANG Chi, RAO Jian, DONG Min-Jun 2015, 13 (2):  155-160.  Abstract ( 601 )   HTML ( 1 )   PDF (1040KB) ( 478 )   PURPOSE: To classify soft tissue injury and evaluate its healing after intracapsular condylar fracture (ICF) of the mandible. METHODS: Patients who had less than 1 week and more than 3 months of follow-up after ICF from 2010 to 2013 were evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in our department. Types of soft tissue injury were classified as disc displacement with the fracture fragment, the ramus stump was or not covered by disc, status of the retrodiscal tissue (with or without tear) , tears in capsule and effusion in the joint. RESULTS: Twelve patients of 17 joints were evaluated. After immediate injury, MRI showed 17 (100%) discs displaced anteriorly and interiorly with the fractured fragment; ten (58.8%) discs covering the mandibular ramus, whereas 7 (41.2%) were not; eleven (64.7%) tears in retrodiscal tissue; seven (41.2%) tears in capsule and all 17 (100%) had joint effusions. At follow-up, seventeen (100%) had new bone formation on the condylar surface; fifteen (88.2%) had incrassation and remodeling in retrodiscal tissue, two (11.8%) had osteoid tissue hyperplasia with disc tears; six (35.3%) had joint effusions absorbed. CONCLUSIONS: Types of soft tissue injury after ICF are disc displaced anteriorly and medially with the fractured fragment, elongation of retrodiscal tissue with or without tears, tears in capsular and joint effusion. The main healing modes are retrodiscal tissue incrassation and condylar surface new bone formation. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Clinical Reports

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The clinicopathological features of extra-orbital giant cell angiofibroma in oromaxillofacial head and neck region JIANG Jian-lei, DAI Tian-guo, TIAN Zhuo-wei, WANG Li-zhen, HE Yue 2015, 13 (2):  161-166.  Abstract ( 655 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1940KB) ( 479 )   PURPOSE: To analyze the clinical features, histopathologic features, differential diagnosis and treatment of extra-orbital giant cell angiofibroma(EO-GCA) in oromaxillofacial head and neck region. METHODS: Data on 12 cases of EO-GCA reported in PubMed database and 2 cases in our hospital were collected and analyzed. RESULTS: Fourteen patients (nine females, five males) were included, their ages ranged from 24 to 84 years with an average age of 43.5 years. Most cases presented a slow-growing and painless mass. The size of the tumor was related to the anatomic location. Microscopic examination revealed a patternless ovoid or short spindle tumor cell, richly vascularized, and floret-like multinucleated giant cells. Immunohistochemical staining revealed strong positivity for the mesenchymal markers, such as CD34 and vimentin. Clinical misdiagnosis was common and final diagnosis relies on pathology. Complete surgical resection of the tumor can lead to a better prognosis and little local recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: EO-GCA in oromaxillofacial head and neck region is a rare benign soft tissue tumor easily misdiagnosed. Accurate diagnosis depends on histopathological examination. Complete surgical resection of the tumor has a better prognosis. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Surgical excision of sialoblastoma in the parotid gland in newborn WANG You-yuan, ZHANG Da-ming, FAN Song, WANG Lei, HUANG Zhi-quan, YANG Zhao-hui, LI Jin-song, CHEN Wei-liang 2015, 13 (2):  167-170.  Abstract ( 377 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (898KB) ( 262 )   PURPOSE: To evaluate the outcome of surgical excision of sialoblastoma in the parotid gland in newborn. METHODS: This was a retrospective review of 3 pediatric patients with sialoblastoma in the parotid gland undergoing surgical resection. All patients were newborn boys. The lesions ranged from 5 cm×5 cm to 8 cm×5 cm in size. The tumor was resected en bloc, and the facial nerve was preserved. RESULTS: No complications occurred. The mean follow-up period was 34 months; no patients had recurrent lesions. CONCLUSIONS: Surgical resection of sialoblastoma in the parotid gland in newborn is efficient and safe. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Surgical drainage and debridement of cervical necrotizing fasciitis CHEN Shu-jun, HAN Xiao-xian, JI Ning, XIAO Jian-rui, CHEN Yu-xuan, WEI Xiao-zong, LIN Xue-mei, CHEN Shuang-min 2015, 13 (2):  171-174.  Abstract ( 587 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (685KB) ( 480 )   PURPOSE: To investigate the role of surgical drainage and debridement in management of cervical necrotizing fasciitis (CNF). METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 12 patients (8 males, 4 females) with CNF admitted to the 252nd Hospital of PLA between January 2008 and April 2014. All the patients underwent surgical drainage and debridement. In patients with no clinical improvement, repeated surgical interventions were performed. RESULTS: Surgical drainage and debridement was performed via paralleled transcervical incisions in 10 patients, modified T-shaped incision in 2 patients. In one case with a higher anatomical level in the retropharyngeal space infection, a horizontal incision was made in the posterior pharyngeal wall. One patient with a posterior mediastinal abscess underwent a transthoracic drainage. Of 12 cases, nine had single incision, who demonstrated a stable process and a large number of necrotic fascia tissue fall off from the wound with a shortest time of 5 days and a longest one of 8 days postoperatively. Another 3 patients received 2, 3 and 4 times of surgical intervention respectively because of the worse progress. Three patients died of multiorgans failure with an overall mortality rate of 25.0%. CONCLUSIONS: CNF is an aggressive infection associated with high mortality. Surgical drainage and debridement is an important mean in controlling the progress of the disease. Paralleled transcervical incisions can fully expose the fascial spaces of neck. Repeated surgical intervention is recommended in cases with worse progresses. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Evidence-Based Medicine

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Meta-analysis of risk factors associated with postoperative delirium after head and neck surgery CHEN Jia-wei, HUANG Yan, XU Hui, JIANG Hong 2015, 13 (2):  175-181.  Abstract ( 389 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (1134KB) ( 255 )   PURPOSE: To explore the risk factors associated with postoperative delirium after head and neck surgery. METHODS: A systematic search of MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, ISI Web of Knowledge, Google scholar, CNKI, WanFang, VIP databases, up to January 2014, was performed to identify articles about risk factors for postoperative delirium after head and neck surgery. Meta-analysis was performed by RevMan5.2. RESULTS: Seven studies regarding the risk factors associated with postoperative delirium after head and neck surgery were collected, involving 1664 cases in total, two hundred thirty-seven cases in delirium group and 1427 cases in non-delirium group. Meta-analysis showed that age (WMD:5.70, 95% CI:1.96-9.43, P<0.001), gender (OR:1.51, 95% CI:1.07-2.12, P<0.05), solitude (OR:2.22, 95% CI:1.42-3.48, P<0.001), preoperative mental disease (OR:2.57, 95% CI:1.60-4.15, P<0.05), alcohol abuse (OR:1.74, 95% CI:1.79-2.54, P<0.05) and time of operation and anesthesia (WMD:63.93, 95% CI:9.47-118.38, P<0.05) were related to postoperative delirium after head and neck surgery. There was no significant difference in radical neck dissection, free flap reconstruction, tracheotomy and restriction of mobility between patients with and without postoperative delirium (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Age, gender, solitude, preoperative mental disease, alcohol abuse and time of operation and anesthesia are risk factors for postoperative delirium after head and neck surgery. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Review Articles

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Advances in research of long non-coding RNAs in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma FENG Yu-huan, LI Jin-song 2015, 13 (2):  182-186.  Abstract ( 408 )   HTML ( 3 )   PDF (529KB) ( 671 )   LncRNA is a novel class of the non-coding RNA with length ranging from 200 bp to 100 kbp. LncRNAs participates in the epigenetic modification such as transcriptional and posttranscriptional processes. LncRNAs play an important role in progression of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and may serve as a marker for cancer prognosis and early diagnosis. This article reviewed the characteristics of lncRNAs related with HNSCC as well as their functions and underlying molecular mechanism to provide new insights into genetic diagnosis and treatment of HNSCC. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical application of interventional ethanol sclerotherapy in head and neck cystic lesions HAN Yi-feng, FAN Xin-dong 2015, 13 (2):  187-189.  Abstract ( 352 )   HTML ( 0 )   PDF (418KB) ( 414 )   As a new treatment option, ethanol interventional therapy has gained satisfactory results in clinical practice in treating head and neck diseases. Although not every patient is suitable for the treatment, ethanol offers considerable promise of controlling the lesions and curing the diseases completely. However, ethanol interventional therapy can lead to some complications, even it's an invasive method. This article discussed the clinical applications of interventional therapy for cervicofacial cystic lymphatic malformations, venous malformations, and aneurysmal bone cysts, as well as the operation principles, the possible complications and management. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Case Reports

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Hyalinizing clear cell carcinoma of the soft palate: report of a case and literature review XU Yi-na, YANG Zhao-hui, ZHANG Da-ming, WANG You-yuan, CHEN Wei-liang 2015, 13 (2):  190-192.  Abstract ( 412 )   HTML ( 2 )   PDF (708KB) ( 253 )   To analyze the therapeutic effect of patient suffering from hyalinizing clear cell carcinoma of the soft palate and review of the related literatures. An 18-year-old female patient with a mass on the soft palate was surgically treated in our department. The postoperative pathologic diagnosis was hyalinizing clear cell carcinoma. Glandular hyalinizing clear cell carcinoma is a rare low-grade malignancy without obvious symptoms, usually confirmed by pathology and assisted by immunohistochemistry. Clinically and histopathologically, hyalinizing clear cell carcinoma needs to be differentiated from other malignancies including clear cells such as mucoepidermoid carcinomas et al. It is treated by wide surgical excision and has better prognosis than other salivary gland cancers. References | Related Articles | Metrics