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20 November 2023, Volume 21 Issue 6 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Expression of ferritin heavy chain 1 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and its effect on proliferation, migration and invasion of oral squamous cell carcinoma LIU Heng, LI Yong-di, YIN Xin-hai, DUAN Xiao-feng 2023, 21 (6):  529-537.  doi: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2023.06.001 Abstract ( 102 )   PDF (1297KB) ( 59 )   PURPOSE: To clarify the expression of ferritin heavy chain 1(FTH1) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC), oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC) and adjacent tissues, and to analyze the relationship between FTH1 expression and prognosis and clinicopathological features of patients with HNSCC and OSCC. To explore its effect on OSCC in CLA-27 cell line, and to provide a new strategy for molecular detection and treatment of OSCC. METHODS: The transcriptome data samples and clinical sample information of HNSCC were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas ( TCGA). R software was used to study the expression of FTH1 in HNSCC tissues and normal tissues. The relationship between the expression of FTH1 and the clinicopathological features of patients with HNSCC was analyzed. The cancer and adjacent tissue samples of 40 patients with OSCC were collected, and the expression of FTH1 in the samples was detected by RT-qPCR to clarify the differential expression of FTH1 in OSCC tissues, and the correlation analysis was performed in combination with the clinicopathological features of the patients. Human normal oral mucosal epithelial cell (OMECs) and OSCC CAL-27 cells were cultured to further detect and clarify the expression of FTH1 in oral squamous cell carcinoma cells. The effects of FTH1 on the proliferation, invasion and migration of CAL-27 were studied in vitro. The effect of FTH1 on the proliferation of CAL-27 was observed by CCK-8 assay. The effect of FTH1 on the migration and invasion of CAL-27 was detected by scratch healing assay and Transwell chamber assay. Matrigel Transwell assay was used to detect the effect of FTH1 on the invasion of CAL-27. RESULTS: The results of TCGA database showed that the expression of FTH1 in HNSCC tissues was significantly higher than that in adjacent tissues (P<0.001),its expression was associated with poor pathological features and poor prognosis (P<0.05). FTH1 was significantly higher in OSCC tissues than in adjacent tissues (P<0.001). The expression of FTH1 was correlated with cervical lymph node metastasis, pathological grade and clinical stage (P<0.05). The expression of FTH1 in CAL-27 was significantly higher than that in OMECs (P<0.001). CCK-8 results showed that knockdown of FTH1 inhibited the proliferation of CAL-27(P<0.05). The results of scratch healing experiment and Transwell chamber experiment showed that knockdown of FTH1 could inhibit the migration and invasion of CAL-27(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: FTH1 gene expression is up-regulated in HNSCC and OSCC, and its expression is related to poor pathological features and poor prognosis. At the same time, knockdown of FTH1 gene will inhibit the proliferation, migration and invasion of CAL-27, which may play a role in promoting cancer in OSCC. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Factors influencing nutrition trajectories of patients with oral cancer CHEN Xin-yi, LI Chen-lei, QIN Xing-jun, ZHANG Jin-feng 2023, 21 (6):  538-547.  doi: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2023.06.002 Abstract ( 97 )   PDF (838KB) ( 53 )   PURPOSE: To explore the long-term changes in nutritional status from preoperative to 3 months postoperatively in oral cancer patients, as well as the influencing factors, to provide guidance for clinical interventions. METHODS: A total of 269 patients with oral cancer admitted to the Northern Department of Oromaxillofacial Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine were selected. General questionnaire (demographic data, tumor-related data, anthropometric indicators, laboratory indicators) was used to understand the basic information of the patients. Nutrition status(PG-SGA scale) was measured before treatment, 1 and 3 months after finishing treatment. The data was processed by SPSS 26.0 software package for univariate and multivariate analysis. RESULTS: Among the 269 patients, 11 cases (4.1%) had a persistent good nutrition, 23 cases (8.5%) had a worsening nutrition, 78 cases (29%) alternated between good and poor nutrition, 111 cases (41.3%) had an improving nutrition, and 46 cases (17.1%) had a persistent malnutrition. Multiple logistic regression showed that patients with prolonged gastric tube retention time (OR=0.955, P=0.001), flap transplantation (OR=0.010, P=0.011), postoperative radiotherapy (OR=0.349, P=0.016), reduced upper arm muscle circumference (OR=1.669, P=0.007), and low albumin levels (OR=1.194, P=0.009) were more likely to develop persistent malnutrition. CONCLUSIONS: Unfavorable nutrition trajectories are prevalent among patients with oral cancer from pre-treatment to 3-month after treatment. Periodic nutrition assessment starting shortly after diagnosis is necessary to identify persistent malnutrition, especially among high-risk group, in order to take a series of targeted nutritional treatment timely. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Evaluation of the value of free anterolateral thigh flap in repairing postoperative defects of parotid gland malignant tumors GE Liang-yu, SHAO Cui-ling, WANG Shou-peng, CHEN Lin, LI Zhi-ping, GU Qian-ping, MENG Jian 2023, 21 (6):  548-552.  doi: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2023.06.003 Abstract ( 85 )   PDF (1139KB) ( 60 )   PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of free anterolateral thigh(ALT) flap for repairing postoperative defects in parotid gland malignant tumors. METHODS: Twelve patients who underwent repair of postoperative defects in parotid gland malignant tumors using ALT flap were admitted in Xuzhou Central Hospital from January 2019 to December 2022. The ALT flap was designed and prepared based on the area and shape of the parotid gland defect to repair tissue defect after tumor resection. The patient's flap survival, appearance recovery, facial expression muscle function on the affected side, and patient satisfaction after surgery were observed. SPSS 20.0 software package was used to analyze the data. RESULTS: All the flaps survived smoothly and the defects were effectively repaired. There was no significant difference in thickness or color between the flap and the surrounding skin tissue, no traction or asymmetry one month after surgery. The appearance and functional repair effect were satisfactory, with a satisfaction rate of 83.33%. Nine patients had weakened facial expression muscle function on the affected side after surgery, while three patients had symptoms of facial paralysis before surgery had no improvement in facial expression muscle function on the affected side after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: The ALT flap for repairing postoperative defects in parotid gland malignant tumors has satisfactory results, and the donor site is concealed with minimal self trauma, therefore, it is worthy of clinical application. However, after surgery for parotid gland malignant tumors, the facial expression muscles on the affected side were denervated, and personalized design and repair with a free ALT flap did not significantly improve the function of the facial expression muscles on the affected side. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The application of multi-disciplinary collaborative model in nursing care of patients undergoing temporomandibular joint ankylosis with costochondral rib graft reconstruction surgery HE Mei-juan, XIA Di, BAI Guo, ZHAO Jie-yun, YU Lei-lei, GU Ya-jie 2023, 21 (6):  553-558.  doi: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2023.06.004 Abstract ( 67 )   PDF (761KB) ( 33 )   PURPOSE: To explore the application effect of multi-disciplinary team (MDT) collaboration model in the nursing care of patients undergoing costochondral rib graft reconstruction for temporomandibular joint ankylosis. METHODS: A total of 66 patients undergoing rib costochondral cartilage reconstruction due to temporomandibular joint stiffness in Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from January 2022 to February 2023 were selected as the study objects. The patients were randomly divided into control group (31 cases) and experimental group(35 cases). The control group received routine nursing care, while the experimental group implemented MDT collaboration model. The differences in postoperative recovery, postoperative oral health status, postoperative quality of life, and patient satisfaction with nursing care at discharge were compared between the two groups.SPSS 25.0 software package was used for data analysis. RESULTS: The length of hospital stay in the experimental group was significantly shorter than that in the control group(P<0.05), and the postoperative oral health status, postoperative quality of life, and patient satisfaction with nursing care at discharge was higher than those in the control group(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: MDT collaboration model is superior to the traditional routine nursing care model and is beneficial to promoting the postoperative recovery of patients undergoing costochondral rib graft reconstruction for temporomandibular joint ankylosis, improving their postoperative quality of life and nursing care satisfaction. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Correlation between BMI and prognosis and induction chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma ZHAO Tong-chao, LIANG Si-yuan, ZHOU Zhi-hang, ZHU Fang-xing, JU Wu-tong, TAN Yi-ran, LIU Ying, ZHONG Lai-ping 2023, 21 (6):  559-565.  doi: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2023.06.005 Abstract ( 67 )   PDF (876KB) ( 39 )   PURPOSE: To evaluate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and long-term prognosis and TPF induction chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC). METHODS: This retrospective study included 10-year follow-up data from 253 patients with locally advanced OSCC in a previous phase Ⅲ clinical trial. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression models and Kaplan-Meier methods were used for survival analysis with SPSS 23.0 software package. RESULTS: The baseline BMI of 253 patients ranged from 13.16 to 34.66 kg/m2. The BMI of patients was highly correlated with smoking status(P<0.001). There was a marked correlation with clinical nodal stage(cN), patients with higher BMIs often having an earlier cN stage(P<0.05). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that BMI was significantly correlated with overall survival (OS, P=0.014), disease-free survival (DFS, P=0.009), locoregional recurrence-free survival (LRFS, P=0.013), and distant metastasis-free survival(DMFS, P=0.015). Multivariate Cox regression analysis found that BMI was an independent prognostic factor for OS(P=0.015), DFS(P=0.010), LRFS (P=0.015), and DMFS (P=0.016). Correlation analysis of BMI with efficacy of induction chemotherapy found that only patients with normal BMI and clinical stage Ⅳa OSCC who received TPF-induced chemotherapy had better OS(HR: 0.425, 95%CI: 0.187-0.966, P=0.041) and DMFS(HR: 0.425, 95%CI: 0.187-0.966, P=0.041). CONCLUSIONS: BMI at baseline is an independent predictor of prognosis in patients with locally advanced OSCC. Underweight patients may have a worse clinical prognosis than those who are normal weight, while those who have overweighted and obese have a better prognosis. A normal BMI in clinical stage Ⅳa OSCC patients predicts significant OS and DMFS benefits of TPF induction chemotherapy. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Baseline derived neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio predicting the prognosis of local advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma: a retrospective study over 10 years ZHU Fang-xing, ZHOU Zhi-hang, JU Wu-tong, TAN Yi-ran, LIU Ying, ZHONG Lai-ping, ZHAO Tong-chao 2023, 21 (6):  566-571.  doi: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2023.06.006 Abstract ( 57 )   PDF (904KB) ( 40 )   PURPOSE: To investigate the value of derived neutrophils to lymphocyte ratio (dNLR) in predicting the survival and prognosis of patients with locally advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma(LAOSCC). METHODS: Patients of stage Ⅲ/ⅣA LAOSCC disease who accepted radical surgery and postoperative radiotherapy from a phase Ⅲ trial (NCT01542931) were enrolled. Based on their baseline clinical data and ten-year-follow-up visiting data, receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) were built and area under the curve (AUC) was computed to determine dNLR cutoff points, according to Youden's index. The patients were then grouped into low dNLR group and high dNLR group. Kaplan-Meier estimates of survival and Cox proportional hazards models were used for longitudinal analysis. The primary outcome was overall survival (OS). The second outcome was disease-free survival(DFS), local recurrence-free survival(LRFS) and distant metastasis-free survival(DMFS). SPSS 25.0 software package was used for data analysis. RESULTS: A total of 115 patients with LAOSCC were enrolled in this study, with an average age of (54.5±10.7) years and an average follow-up time of (80.3±55.5) months. dNLR cutoff point was 1.555. Multivariate analysis showed dNLR was an independent negative predictive factor for survival (OS: HR=1.172, 95%CI: 1.028-1.337, P=0.018; DFS: HR=1.123, 95%CI: 1.001-1.282, P=0.050; LRFS: HR=1.137, 95%CI: 1.002-1.291, P=0.047; DMFS: HR=1.162, 95%CI: 1.020-1.324, P=0.024). CONCLUSIONS: dNLR is an independent negative predictive factor in patients with LAOSCC. Patients of lower baseline dNLR achieve better long-term prognosis. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical significance of PD-L1 and tumor immune microenvironment in predicting neoadjuvant therapy for oral squamous cell carcinoma JIN Neng-hao, TIAN Yu, ZHU Liang, QIAO Bo, LI Liang-bo, ZHANG Hai-zhong, ZHANG Lei 2023, 21 (6):  572-578.  doi: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2023.06.007 Abstract ( 99 )   PDF (1227KB) ( 62 )   PURPOSE: To explore the clinical significance of the expression of programmed cell death-ligand 1(PD-L1) and tumor immune microenvironment for the evaluation of the efficacy of neoadjuvant immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy in oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC). METHODS: The clinical data of 20 patients with OSCC who received neoadjuvant therapy in the Department of Oral Surgery of the First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital from August to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The expression of PD-L1 in OSCC was detected by immunohistochemical staining. The expression levels of CD8+ T lymphocytes, CD68+ macrophages, PD-1+ cells, CD8+PD-1+ T lymphocytes and CD68+PD-L1+ macrophages in the immune microenvironment of OSCC were detected by multiple fluorescent immunohistochemical staining (mIHC). SPSS 21.0 software package was used for data analysis. RESULTS: The positive expression rates of PD-L1 in OSCC were 65% and 85% under the criteria of tumor proportion score(TPS)≥1% and combined positive score(CPS)≥1, respectively, and the high expression of PD-L1 (CPS≥20) accounted for 50%. There was no significant correlation between PD-L1 expression and age, sex, tumor differentiation and cervical lymph node metastasis (P>0.05). The clinical response rate after 2 cycles of neoadjuvant therapy was 55%. Survival analysis showed that the progression-free survival(PFS) and disease-free survival(DFS) of PD-L1 positive expression group were significantly higher than those of PD-L1 negative expression group (P<0.05). The expression of PD-L1 in OSCC was positively correlated with CD68+PD-L1+ macrophages accounting for more than 50%, and the clinical response rate of patients with positive expression of PD-L1 and CD68+PD-L1+ macrophages accounting for more than 50% was 70% after neoadjuvant therapy. CONCLUSIONS: Neoadjuvant immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy may further prolong the DFS of patients with OSCC with positive expression of PD-L1. The high expression of CD68+PD-L1+ macrophage has important clinical significance for evaluating the efficacy of neoadjuvant therapy for OSCC. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A new CBCT-based classification method for maxillary mesiodens in children and its clinical applications KONG Jie, PENG Zhao-wei, SHU Huang, WANG Ji, KUANG Yi-yuan, ZHONG Tian-hang, DING Gui-cong 2023, 21 (6):  579-585.  doi: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2023.06.008 Abstract ( 78 )   PDF (1266KB) ( 58 )   PURPOSE: To analyze the relationship between the position of embedded mesiodens in maxilla and surgical approach in children, and provide reference for surgical design. METHODS: A total of 740 patients aged 4-16 years old with maxillary embedded mesiodens admitted to the Department of Stomatology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital from January 2018 to December 2022 were selected. According to preoperative CBCT data, the position of the mesiodens in the maxilla and the characteristics of the surgical approach were statistically analyzed. SPSS 26.0 software package was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: There were 991 embedded mesiodens in 740 children. The selected cases were classified according to the axial angle relationship in sagittal plane between mesiodens and adjacent normal teeth or tooth germs, including 95 cases of acute angle type (including synclastic) (12.8%), 78 cases of vertical type (10.5%), 138 cases of obtuse angle type (18.7%), 328 cases of inverted type (44.3%), and 101 cases of mixed type (13.7%). The palatal gingival margin approach was the most selected surgical approach for the cases of acute angle (including synclastic), obtuse angle and inverted type, and palatal gingival margin approach and combined labial-palatal approach were the most selected surgical approach for the cases of vertical and mixed type. CONCLUSIONS: A new classification method was established based on CBCT data, and the relationship between the new classification method and various surgical approaches for extraction was analyzed, which helped to better guide clinical diagnosis and treatment of children's maxillary mesiodens. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Visual analysis of quality of life in oral cancer patients based on CiteSpace ZHOU Xin-kai, TENG Xiao-ju, ZHANG Yue-ying 2023, 21 (6):  586-592.  doi: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2023.06.009 Abstract ( 59 )   PDF (1227KB) ( 34 )   PURPOSE: To analyze the current status, research hotspots and trends of "quality of survival of oral cancer patients" from 2012 to 2021, and to provide theoretical basis and reference for related research in China. METHODS: Relevant literatures in this field were collected in the core databases of Web of Science and China Knowledge Network in the past ten years co-occurrence analysis, cluster analysis and mutation analysis were performed on countries, institutions and key words using 6.1.R3 visual analysis software. RESULTS: A total of 571 documents were screened from WOS and 35 documents from CNKI, the number of articles issued was the most in the United States and the second in China. The research hotspots in oral cancer survival quality included swallowing function, sleep, psychological adaptation, patient needs, pain assessment, etc. The high-mutation words showed that the research in this field was divided into two stages: first, research on oral cancer patients using scales for survival quality assessment and postoperative functional status; second, study of the epidemiological characteristics of oral cancer. CONCLUSIONS: The quality of survival scale in the field of oral cancer needs to be localized. The psychological and functional status of postoperative patients is the focus of their quality of survival, "hospital+community+family" three-tier model needs to be further constructed and improved. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Dental Education

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Application of digital technology combined with KSP-CDIO in the teaching of mandibular cysts WANG Tao, XIE Fu-ping, CHEN Jia-min, LIU Huan-huan, WU Ye 2023, 21 (6):  593-597.  doi: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2023.06.010 Abstract ( 47 )   PDF (870KB) ( 40 )   PURPOSE: To explore the application effect of digital technology combined with KSP-CDIO teaching mode in the teaching of mandibular cysts. METHODS: A total of 120 dental postgraduates and resident standardized training students were selected. After comprehensive assessment, 96 students were included in this study. They were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group. The experimental group were taught by digital technology combined with KSP-CDIO, the control group were applied by traditional experimental teaching mode. Through theoretical and practical assessments, the students were assessed on their mastery of mandibular cyst surgery and their understanding of surgical complications. The data were statistically processed using SPSS 22.0 software package. RESULTS: The comprehensive score of the experimental group was 91.02±3.92, and the control group was 87.29±4.16. The effect of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Digital technology combined with KSP-CDIO teaching mode can improve the teaching quality in mandibular cysts experimental teaching, which is conducive to improving students' comprehensive practical ability, this mode is worthy of pedagogical use. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research and analysis on the content setting, teaching method innovation and teaching effect of medical humanities of stomatology curriculum LIANG Xia, LIU Si-ying, TIAN Tian, XU Hao-kun, LI Yong-qing, HOU Rui 2023, 21 (6):  598-602.  doi: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2023.06.011 Abstract ( 47 )   PDF (889KB) ( 29 )   PURPOSE: To explore the content setting and teaching method innovation of undergraduate education of medical humanities of stomatology,and to evaluate the teaching effect. METHODS: Medical humanities of stomatology education was introduced throughout the undergraduate training,focusing on experiential and situational teaching,and increasing the proportion of practical courses. The self-designed questionnaire was used to obtain the satisfaction evaluation of the students on the curriculum in 2021 and 2022, and a comparative analysis was made to reflect the changes in teaching results. SPSS 22.0 software package was used for data analysis. RESULTS: In 2021,medical humanities of stomatology curriculum offered 12 courses with a total of 24 class hours,and the teaching method was simply theoretical delivery.In 2022,there were 16 lectures totaling 38 class hours, including 12 practice classes.The teaching innovation content adopted a model of combining theory with practice,and explicit courses with invisible courses.Through the analysis of questionnaire data,students' satisfaction with the curriculum in 2022 increased compared with that in 2021. CONCLUSIONS: The undergraduate education of stomatology humanities should be student-centered,rich in teaching content, combination of theory and practice,as well as combination of explicit courses and invisible courses can achieve better teaching results. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Clinical Reports

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Meta analysis of risk factors for surgical site infection after oral and maxillofacial malignancies surgery WANG Yu, WANG Ming-yi, HOU Li-li, XIANG Fu-ping, LIANG Jia-qing, ZHAO Xiao-mei 2023, 21 (6):  603-609.  doi: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2023.06.012 Abstract ( 70 )   PDF (838KB) ( 59 )   PURPOSE: To systematically evaluate the risk factors of surgical site infection in patients with oral and maxillofacial malignant tumors. METHODS: Case control studies, cohort studies, on the incidence of surgical site infections in patients with oral and maxillofacial malignancies were searched and collected by searching the CNKI, Wanfang database, VIP, CBM, PubMed, EmBase, The Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases. The search period was from the establishment to Jan, 2023. RevMan5.3 were used for meta analysis. RESULTS: A total of 13 articles including 4318 patients with oral and maxillofacial malignant tumors were included. According to meta analysis, the risk factors for surgical site infection of oral and maxillofacial malignancies were diabetes (OR=3.82, 95%CI: 2.21-6.62, P<0.0001), ASA score [OR=1.39, 95%CI: 1.22-1.59, P<0.0001), BMI<20 kg/m2(OR=2.43, 95%CI: 1.85-3.18, P<0.0001), surgical procedure(OR=4.39, 95%CI: 1.86-10.31, P=0.0007), defect repair method(OR=5.29, 95%CI: 2.08-13.42, P=0.0005), mandibulectomy(OR=1.94, 95%CI: 1.04-3.61, P=0.04), duration of surgery(OR=3.38, 95%CI: 1.22-9.38, P=0.02), length of hospital stay(≥18 days) (OR=26.33,95%CI：7.53~92.05,P<0.0001), preoperative periodontal calculus level 3 (OR=7.29, 95%CI: 2.91-18.28, P<0.0001) ,and the protective factor was prealbumin>35 g/L(OR=0.11, 95%CI: 0.04-0.29, P<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: The risk intensity of surgical site infection for malignant tumors in oral and maxillofacial region from high to low was: hospitalization days ≥18, periodontal calculus level 3, defect repair method, surgical method, operation duration, diabetes mellitus, BMI<20 kg/m2, mandibular resection, high ASA score. Preoperative albumin>35 g/L was the protective factor. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Review Articles

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Research progress in extracorporeal shock wave therapy for peri-implantitis CAO Min, XU Xu 2023, 21 (6):  610-614.  doi: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2023.06.013 Abstract ( 72 )   PDF (750KB) ( 44 )   Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) has been widely studied and applied in medical practice. In the oral field, because of its advantages of being non-invasive, low cost and safe, it has been increasingly applied to the treatment of peri-implantitis. However, ESWT is still in the initial stage of research and needs more basic clinical research for verification. This article reviewed the mechanism of ESWT and the research progress in the treatment of peri-implantitis. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application and modification of collagen membrane in guided bone regeneration techniques GU An-qi, ZHOU Wen-jie, WANG Yue-ping 2023, 21 (6):  615-620.  doi: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2023.06.014 Abstract ( 86 )   PDF (791KB) ( 81 )   Collagen is the most abundant protein in mammals. Biomembrane made of collagen as the main material has good physicochemical properties and biological activities, which is widely used in bone tissue engineering and other medical fields. In terms of guided bone regeneration (GBR), the collagen membrane has a broad scope in its clinical application as a barrier membrane, but still has disadvantages such as uncontrolled degradation, low mechanical strength, etc. In order to improve these shortcomings, the continuous development of new collagen membranes through cross-linking, mineralization, and surface modification has become the future development trend in this field. In this paper, the application and modification of collagen membrane in GBR was reviewed to provide novel insights into the research and development of new membranes. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Case Reports

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Zygomatic implantation and external elevation in the treatment of anatomic variation of maxillary sinus: a case report LIU Meng-yu, SHEN Yi-han, WEI Ling-fei, YU De-dong, WU Yi-qun 2023, 21 (6):  621-625.  doi: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2023.06.015 Abstract ( 68 )   PDF (1302KB) ( 40 )   Pneumatization of the maxillary sinus extending to the zygomatic bone is a rare anatomic abnormality. Zygomatic implants cannot be performed for patients with insufficient zygomatic bone quantity. In this paper, a case of congenital severe left maxillary sinus gasification was reported. The patient was treated with right (healthy side) zygomatic bone implantation combined with conventional implant in the maxillary anterior dental area for immediate repair, and left (affected side) external maxillary sinus lifting delayed implant repair and implantation for fixed implant repair, which achieved ideal therapeutic effect. This article discussed the possible etiology, differential diagnosis of the variant maxillary sinus, and the selection of implant treatment methods for patients with severe maxillary defects, aiming to provide an optimal implant fixation treatment for this type of patients. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Palatal venous malformation with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia： report of one case YAN Ting-ting, ZHANG Peng, HAN He-li, WANG He-jing, WANG Qi-min, CHEN Hang, YUAN Rong-tao 2023, 21 (6):  626-629.  doi: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2023.06.016 Abstract ( 70 )   PDF (1062KB) ( 27 )   Oral and maxillofacial venous malformation is a benign vascular disease, which is a kind of common low-flow vascular malformation. The lesions were mainly located in the skin of the face, subcutaneous tissue and oral mucosa. It affects facial aesthetics and function, and often accompanied by bleeding and other complications. This disease complicated with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia(HHT) is rare. This paper reported a case of palatal venous malformation with HHT, and reviewed the related literatures. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Primary ectopic meningioma of the mandible: a case report HAN Ya-ru, SUN Xia-fei, WU Da-ming 2023, 21 (6):  630-632.  doi: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2023.06.017 Abstract ( 67 )   PDF (1014KB) ( 29 )   Ectopic meningioma is a meningioma that occurs outside the central nervous system and has a low incidence. This paper retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of a case of ectopic meningioma originating from the mandible, introduced its clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment strategies, and discussed its clinical characteristics, differential diagnosis and treatment based on literature reviews, so as to improve the understanding of the disease. References | Related Articles | Metrics