颌间牵引钉在颌面骨折中的应用：173例临床分析

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的探讨颌间牵引钉应用于颌面骨折颌间牵引的效果、常见并发症及应对策略。方法在173例颌骨骨折内固定术后应用颌间牵引钉行颌间牵引,总结分析颌间牵引钉的牵引效果、常见并发症产生原因及应对策略。结果 173例颌骨骨折患者中,122例术后咬合关系正常,无需牵引;43例咬合关系有偏差,经术后3~5 d牵引,咬合关系恢复正常,总有效率为95%。主要并发症是牵引钉周围黏膜溃疡、疼痛25例（14.5%）,牙根损伤5例（2.9%）,牵引钉松动12例（6.9%）,术中牵引钉折断7例（4.0%）,邻牙松动、脱落少见。结论颌间牵引钉在颌骨骨折治疗中是一种安全有效的牵引方法。掌握并了解并发症发生原因及应对策略,可提高治疗效果,减轻患者痛苦。

关键词: 颌间牵引钉, 颌面骨折, 并发症, 应对策略

Abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the traction effect, complications and application strategy of intermaxillary fixation screws used in jaw fracture. METHODS: Intermaxillary fixation screws were used in 173 cases after internal fixation of jaw fracture. The traction effect, postoperative complications and application strategy were summarized and analyzed. RESULTS: In 173 patients, 122 had normal occlusion without traction, 43 had abnormal occlusion, but returned to normal after traction of 3-5 d. The total efficiency rate was 95%. The main complications were pain around the mucosa adjacent to the screws in 25 cases (14.5%), other complications, including root damage in 5 cases (2.9%), traction screw loosening in 12 cases (6.9%), fixation screw break in 7 cases (4.0%), dislocation and loosening of the teeth were seldom seen. CONCLUSIONS: Intermaxillary fixation screw is a safe and effective tool in the treatment of jaw fracture. Mastering and understanding the causes of complications and countermeasures are helpful to improve treatment efficiency and relieve pain of the patients.

Key words: Intermaxillary fixation screw, Jaw fracture, Complication, Strategy of prevention

中图分类号:

R782.4

高志彪, 白振西, 曹伟靖, 王原明. 颌间牵引钉在颌面骨折中的应用：173例临床分析[J]. 中国口腔颌面外科杂志, 2016, 14(6): 545-548.

GAO Zhi-biao, BAI Zhen-xi, CAO Wei-jing, WANG Yuan-ming. A clinical analysis of intermaxillary fixation screws in 173 patients with jaw fracture[J]. China J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2016, 14(6): 545-548.

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