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Expert consensus on diagnosis and clinical management of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw HE Yue, CHEN Heng, AN Jin-gang, GUO Yu-xing, PAN Jian, TIAN Lei, LIU Bing, HOU Jin-song, LI Jin-song, JIANG Can-hua, LI Meng-yu, TIAN Zhen, XU Jie, ZHU Ling, SUN Chang-fu, ZHI Ke-qian, QU Qing, ZONG Chun-lin, SUN Jing-jing, ZHANG Zhi-yuan China Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery    2023, 21 (4): 313-325.   DOI: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2023.04.001 Abstract （550）      PDF （2051KB）（765）       Knowledge map    Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw(MRONJ) is a complication caused by the application of anti-resorptive medications, angiogenesis inhibitors, hormones and other medications for the treatment of some systemic diseases. The clinical symptoms include swelling, pain, masticatory disorders, persistent fistula, bone exposure and even pathological fracture, which seriously affect the patients' quality of life. Domestically, there is a lack of consensus or guidelines on classification, staging and treatment of MRONJ, and different institutions make diagnosis and treatment plans empirically. In order to unify and standardize the diagnosis and treatment of MRONJ and improve the prognosis, an expert panel of MRONJ research from 12 famous domestic medical colleges and affiliated hospitals convened a meeting to discuss the diagnosis and treatment opinions of MRONJ. Meanwhile, consensus recommendations were also revised with a comprehensive literature review of the previous treatment experiences and research findings. Finally, this expert consensus was finished for clinical references. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Single-cell transcription atlas for mandibular condyle cartilage and subchondral bone marrow in rat temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis YU Ye-ke, DING Ruo-yi, SUN Jia-li, ZHANG Zhi-yuan, HE Dong-mei China Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery    2023, 21 (4): 332-339.   DOI: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2023.04.003 Abstract （197）      PDF （2829KB）（146）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To establish the single-cell transcriptome atlas for rat condyle osteochondral tissue and bone marrow both in normal and temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) condition. METHODS: Rat unilateral anterior crossbite(UAC) model was built to induce TMJOA. Osteochondral cells and bone marrow immune cells were extracted for single-cell RNA sequencing. Quality control, dimension reducing, clustering and marker gene detection were used to depict cell subclusters. Differential gene expression analysis and functional enrichment were utilized to demonstrate cell cluster functions and their changes under UAC. Pseudo-time analysis was applied for cell development trajectory, while cell communication prediction was used to show alternations in the interaction among cell clusters. RESULTS: There were 9 cell clusters in rat condyle, containing osteochondral cells and bone marrow immune cells. Under UAC, the number of osteochondrocytes decreased whereas immune cells accumulated. Condyle cartilage and bone tissue contained 6 functional groups of cells. Among them, D and F group maintained progenitor characteristics and possessed the ability to develop into other groups. In UAC condition, osteochondrocytes witnessed impaired extracellular matrix organization, activated senescent or inflammatory pathways, and diminished cell-cell interaction. Meanwhile, in the bone marrow, neutrophils showed enhanced chemotaxis and degranulation, mononuclear-phagocytes displayed increased phagosomes, activated B cells were also recruited. CONCLUSIONS: There are progenitor cells in condyle cartilage and bone tissue, whose function impaired under UAC. At the same time, immune cells in the bone marrow are activated. Targeted modulation of osteochondral progenitors and immune cells could contribute in alleviation the condyle tissue damage in TMJOA. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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The expression and biological functions of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 4 in oral squamous cell carcinoma ZHOU Xin-xia, LIU Jing-hao, GAN Gui-fang, CHEN Fu-xiang China Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery    2024, 22 (1): 10-15.   DOI: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2024.01.002 Abstract （62）      PDF （1203KB）（142）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To explore the expression and biological functions of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 4 (S1PR4) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). METHODS: The expression of S1PR4 in OSCC tissue samples and cell lines (WSU-HN4, WSU-HN6, CAL27, WSU-HN30) was analyzed by RT-qPCR, Western blot and IHC. The activity of S1PR4 was inhibited by S1PR4 antagonist(CYM50358), and the effect of CYM50358 on proliferation of OSCC cells was detected by CCK-8 and clonal formation assay. The effect of CYM500358 on apoptosis of OSCC cells was evaluated by flow cytometry. SPSS 23.0 software package was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: The transcription and expression of S1PR4 were up-regulated in OSCC. The activity of proliferation and clonality were decreased(P<0.05), while the percentage of apoptotic cells was increased in CYM50358-treated OSCC cells(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The expression of S1PR4 is up-regulated in OSCC. S1PR4 antagonist can significantly reduce viability and promote apoptosis of OSCC cells, and may be a potential indicator for treatment of OSCC. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of EGFR-targeted therapy in combination with chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone on oral cancer pain WANG Zi-heng, ZHOU Ren, YAN Jia, ZHANG Lei, YANG Ya-qiong, JIANG Hong China Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery    2023, 21 (3): 225-230.   DOI: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2023.03.003 Abstract （114）      PDF （789KB）（116）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To compare the effect of epidermal growth factor receptor-targeted (EGFR-targeted) therapy in combination with chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone on oral cancer pain. METHODS: Ninety oral cancer patients with chronic cancer pain were divided into chemotherapy alone group (group G0) and EGFR-targeted therapy combined with chemotherapy group (group G1) according to the type of treatment they received. Pain intensity was assessed at baseline (T0), day 1 (T1), day 7 (T2) and at the end of month 3 (T3) using visual analogue scale (VAS) and numerical rating scale for pain(NRS). The patients were assessed for neuropathic pain using self-administrative Leeds neuropathic pain signs and symptoms scale (S-LANSS), and adjunctive analgesic use, sleep duration were recorded at T0 and T3. Treatment side effects and satisfaction were recorded at T3. SPSS 26.0 software package was used to analyze the data. RESULTS: Of the 90 patients, 31 cases were included in G0 group and 59 cases were included in G1 group. The average age of patients was 60.64 years and 70% were male. There was no significant difference in VAS and NRS at T0 between G0 group and G1 group(P>0.05). VAS and NRS at T1, T2 and T3 were significantly lower in G1 group compared to G0 group(P<0.05). Patients in G1 group used significantly less analgesic medication (P<0.05), slept longer(P<0.05) and were more satisfied (P<0.05) than those in G0 group at T3. CONCLUSIONS: EGFR-targeted therapy in combination with chemotherapy are more effective than chemotherapy alone in the alleviation of oral cancer pain and reduce the use of adjuvant analgesics. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Protein profiling analysis of oral squamous cancer derived extracellular vesicle subgroups WU Ruo-yi, WANG Xiao-ning, ZHAI Pei-song, ZHANG Jian-jun, CHEN Wan-tao China Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery    2023, 21 (4): 326-331.   DOI: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2023.04.002 Abstract （161）      PDF （1063KB）（116）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To reveal the commonality and heterogeneity in protein contents of extracellular vesicles (EVs) subgroups obtained by different immunomarkers, and provide data support for researchers to select appropriate isolation protocols. METHODS: In this study, oral cancer cells CAL27, pancreatic cancer cells PANC-1 and gastric cancer cells AGS were used, and EVs derived from them were isolated by 4 EVs markers CD9, CD63, CD81 and EpCAM. Then the proteins from these 4 different EVs subgroups were detected by mass spectrometry. The commonality and heterogeneity between EVs subgroups were evaluated by funrich3.1.3 software. SPSS 19.0 software package was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Under the same culture conditions, AGS cells produced the highest number of EVs, followed by CAL27 cells and the least by PANC-1 cells. Among the 4 different EVs isolation methods, the EpCAM marker-based isolation method was the most efficacious. The results of principal component analysis showed that the subgroups of EVs involved in this study were heterogeneous at the level of cell origin as well as at the level of isolation markers. The results of the cellular component analysis of the protein profile showed that 86.11% of the proteins enriched by CD63+ EVs derived from CAL27 were related to exosomes, which was significantly higher than the percentage of the CD9+, CD81+ and EpCAM+ EVs subgroups(70.92%, 70.90% and 63.68%); while 37.96% of the enriched proteins in the CD63+ EVs subgroup were related with cell membrane, which was lower than the percentage of CD9+, CD81+, and EpCAM+ EVs subgroups (53.20%, 61.19% and 49.53%), indicating that EVs subgroups isolated by different immunomarkers had different origins. CONCLUSIONS: The subgroups of EVs involved in this study are heterogeneous at the cellular origin level and at the immunomarker level. Among them, CD63+ EVs may originate more from the endosomal pathway, while CD9+, CD81+ and EpCAM+ EVs originate more from the plasma membrane outgrowth pathway. The EVs subgroups obtained based on different isolation markers were differential in terms of cell biological functions. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Progress on application of platelet-rich fibrin in dental implantology ZENG Ling-zi, MO An-chun China Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery    2023, 21 (5): 518-521.   DOI: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2023.05.016 Abstract （84）      PDF （505KB）（116）       Knowledge map    The three-dimensional structure of platelet-rich fibrin(PRF) enhances the proliferation, migration, differentiation and sustained release of stem cells, and promotes the healing of hard and soft tissues in oral and maxillofacial tissues, making PRF widely used in dental implantology. This review outlines the preparation method, biological characteristics and latest advances of PRF in the field of dental implantology. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Retrospective analysis of 190 cases of oral and maxillofacial space infection complicated with hyperglycemia YANG Zuo-yi, YE Lei, ZHENG Ling-yan, CHEN Chang-yu, FU Jia-yao China Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery    2023, 21 (4): 360-365.   DOI: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2023.04.007 Abstract （188）      PDF （684KB）（110）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To analyze the difference between oral and maxillofacial space infection(OMSI) patients with diabetes mellitus, stress hyperglycemia and normal blood glucose in general data, clinical manifestations, laboratory test, and dominant bacterial flora of infection. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted in 190 patients diagnosed with oral and maxillofacial infection and treated at the Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital from August 2020 to June 2022. Statistical analysis of general data, clinical manifestations, laboratory test, and dominant bacterial flora of infection between the three groups was performed with SPSS 25.0 software package. RESULTS: Between diabetic group and stress hyperglycemia group, absolute number of lymphocytes, sodium and chlorine differed significantly; between diabetic group and normal blood glucose group, age, neutrophil absolute number, neutrophil percentage, lymphocyte percentage, C-reactive protein, IL-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor-α, procalcitonin, urea, serum uric acid, fibrinogen, sodium, chlorine and total carbon dioxide differed significantly; between stress hyperglycemia group and normal glycemia group,the percentage of neutrophil, percentage of lymphocyte, absolute number of lymphocyte, C-reactive protein, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor-α, and urea differed significantly. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical features and laboratory results of OMSI patients with diabetes, stress hyperglycemia and normal blood glucose are significantly different, suggesting that the three groups of patients should be distinguished in clinical diagnosis and treatment, and more targeted treatment should be provided. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application and efficacy evaluation of functional fixator in the fenestration treatment of jaw cyst ZHOU Yun, WANG Zhen, ZHAO Xiao-mei China Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery    2023, 21 (3): 263-266.   DOI: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2023.03.010 Abstract （220）      PDF （794KB）（109）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of functional occlusal device in the fenestration of jaw cyst. METHODS: Fifty patients with jaw cyst who underwent fenestration surgery for the first time were selected. According to the treatment methods, they were divided into the conventional treatment group and functional treatment group, with 25 cases in each group. Obturator functioning scale (OFS) was used to evaluate the comfort, masticatory efficiency and aesthetics of patients wearing two kinds of different endodontics during fenestration treatment. The patients' satisfaction with the final restoration was investigated by questionnaire. SPSS 20.0 software package was used for data analysis. RESULTS: Compared to conventional obturators, the functional obturator group showed a statistically significant reduction in mandibular and maxillary tooth extension after healing of the lesion (P<0.01). However, there was no significant difference in chewing efficiency during the wearing of the obturator(P>0.05). The esthetic satisfaction of the functional obturator was significantly higher in patients with anterior tooth loss(P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The functional obturator, which combines the functions of denture restoration, not only has good esthetics and wearing comfort, but also better maintains stability in missing interdental spaces and is more favorable for the restoration of missing teeth. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on risk model for postextraction bleeding of mandibular third molars WANG Jian-rong, SUN Jing, ZHAO Shu-hong, SHANG Jiang China Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery    2023, 21 (5): 479-485.   DOI: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2023.05.009 Abstract （155）      PDF （987KB）（108）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To explore the risk factors of bleeding after mandibular third molar extraction and establish a prediction model to provide reference for clinical decision-making. METHODS: Clinical data of 610 cases of mandibular third molar extraction were collected for the study. Association of postextraction bleeding with the patient demographic variables (gender), tooth variables(position, impacted angle) and other variables (periodontitis, intraoperative anesthetic drugs, flap, postoperative treatment, hemostatic materials, patient compliance). SAS 9.4 software package was used to analyze the data. RESULTS: The incidence of postextraction bleeding was 10.33% in 610 patients after mandibular third molars extraction, and 63 patients had postextraction bleeding. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the position, impacted angle, flap, postoperative treatment, patient compliance were independent risk factors for postextraction bleeding of mandibular third molars. The results showed that the prediction model had good differential validity(AUC=0.916), high calibration degree (P=0.605), and certain clinical application value. CONCLUSIONS: The position, impacted angle, flap, postoperative treatment and patient compliance are not only risk factors for postextraction bleeding, but also predictive factors for predictive models. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of alveolar fossa preservation with different implant materials on alveolar ridge resorption in patients undergoing posterior tooth extraction ZHU Min-yan, WANG Hai-yan, YUAN Yin-yin China Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery    2023, 21 (4): 403-406.   DOI: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2023.04.014 Abstract （171）      PDF （497KB）（94）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of alveolar preservation with different implant materials on alveolar ridge absorption in patients with posterior tooth extraction. METHODS: Eighty-six patients with tooth restoration after extraction admitted to Zhejiang Greentown Cardiovascular Hospital from March 2016 to April 2020 were selected. The patients were divided into experimental group and control group according to the random number, 43 cases in each group. After tooth extraction, patients in the experimental group implanted platelet-rich fibrin(PRF) into the alveolar fossa, while patients in the control group implanted collagen plugs into the alveolar fossa after tooth extraction. The time of wound healing, the height of alveolar soft tissue and the width of alveolar ridge were observed immediately and 6 months after surgery. SPSS 23.0 software package was used for data analysis. RESULTS: The postoperative wound healing time was (10.52±3.14) d in the experimental group, which was significantly shorter than (17.68±5.35) d in the control group(P<0.05). The alveolar soft tissue height of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group 6 months after operation(P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between the mesial papilla and distal papilla (P>0.05). The experimental group was significantly higher than the control group in alveolar ridge widths at 20% and 70% of the root length 6 months postoperatively (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between the two groups at 50% of the root length (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Compared with collagen plug, the application of PRF in the preservation of extraction site can promote wound healing time and reduce absorption of alveolar ridge. It is an ideal filling and covering material for the preservation of extraction site at present. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Chinese expert consensus on prevention and management of perioperative venous thromboembolism in head and neck cancer patients REN Zhen-hu, CHEN Ming-tao, WU Han-jiang, ZHANG Sheng, FANG Kun, XIE Shang4, LIU Yu, HU Chuan-yu6, LIU Bing, LI Chun-Jie, ZHU Gui-quan, WANG Cheng, GAO Yang, ZHANG Xiao-chen, SHI Jian-bo, ZHANG Yong-hong, CUI Ming-zhe, JI Tong, REN Guo-xin, WANG Yan-an, CHEN Wei-liang, ZHANG Chen-ping, HE Yue, ZHANG Zhi-yuan China Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery    2024, 22 (1): 1-9.   DOI: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2024.01.001 Abstract （95）      PDF （1276KB）（93）       Knowledge map    Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common complication after surgical procedures, and an important risk factor for unexpected death in hospitals, and the second leading cause of death for tumor patients. Patients with advanced head and neck cancer usually require extensive radical surgery and simultaneous repair and reconstruction surgery, and have many risk factors such as elderly, long surgical time, long postoperative bed rest, and hypercoagulable state caused by tumor and chemotherapy drugs, which suggest that patients with head and neck cancer should be an extremely high risk group for VTE. However, little attention has been paid to the occurrence of VTE in patients with cancer in the head and neck, and the data on the incidence of VTE after head and neck cancer surgery are also limited. So far, there is a lack of relevant treatment consensus or guidelines for perioperative VTE of head and neck cancer in China. The level of prevention and management of perioperative VTE of head and neck cancer varies among different institutions, and there is a lack of unified and scientific diagnosis and treatment standards and objective evaluation system for prevention and management. In order to unify and standardize the diagnosis and treatment of perioperative VTE in head and neck cancer, reduce the waste of medical resources and improve the treatment effectiveness, domestic experts in this field have repeatedly discussed the diagnosis and treatment opinions from 14 famous medical institutions in China. This article refers to the research results and diagnosis and treatment experience of perioperative VTE in head and neck cancer world wide in recent years, and formulates this expert consensus for reference by relevant clinicians. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of extranodal extension on TNM staging and survival in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma LI Gui-zhong, LI Jie-ying, ZHOU Kai, MENG Yu-xiang, WANG Ke-xin, GE Sheng-you, SONG Kai, FENG Yuan-yong, TAO Yue-qin, ZHAN Xiao-hong, SHANG Wei China Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery    2023, 21 (4): 377-383.   DOI: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2023.04.010 Abstract （219）      PDF （1371KB）（86）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: By analyzing the influence of extranodal extension (ENE) on TNM staging manual and survival after included into the staging, to learn about the significance of ENE on clinical decision-making and prognosis of oral cancer. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study of 485 patients with primary oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC) from January 2014 to June 2017 was performed in the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University. The AJCC 7th and 8th edition staging systems was applied to the patients. Overall survival and disease-specific survival were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier analysis and Log-rank test with SPSS 26.0 software package. Concordance index and Akaike information criterion(AIC) was used to evaluate the system’s prognostic capacity. RESULTS: A total of 485 patients with OSCC were followed up. The pathological N stage of 69 (14.43%) patients (including 16 pN2a and 53 pN3b) was changed by extranodal extension. The pathological TNM stage of 67(13.81%) patients (including 14 ⅣA and 53 ⅣB) was also changed because of ENE. Overall survival and disease-specific survival model analysis of N stage, TNM stage and ENE showed that patients with positive ENE (OS:27.1%, DSS:31.2%) had a lower survival rate than those with negative ENE(OS:72.2%, DSS:78.0%). AIC of AJCC 8th edition staging systems was lower than 7th edition and there was little difference between them in terms of concordance index. CONCLUSIONS: Extranodal extension changed TNM staging of OSCC patients. The number of advanced patients increased significantly and the survival prognosis became worse. ENE can objectively refect the status of the patients. It has more guiding significance for decision-making and prognosis evaluation of oral cancer patients. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application prospect of tumor treating fields technology in head and neck cancer LI Chen-xi, GONG Zhong-cheng, ZHAO Hua-rong, DING Ming-chao, LIU Hui China Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery    2023, 21 (5): 425-431.   DOI: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2023.05.001 Abstract （193）      PDF （1218KB）（85）       Knowledge map    In recent years, major breakthroughs have been made in the treatment of malignant tumours with research and development progress of immunologic agents and molecular targeted drugs, but it is still the main cause of global disease death. Tumour treating fields (TTFields) is a new non-invasive approach to cancer treatment. TTFields can provide a kind of low-intensity (1-3 V/cm), intermediate frequency (100-300 kHz) alternating electric fields delivered locally to the tumour, which can destroy the chromosome segregation of mitotic tumour cells and induce dielectrophoresis to arise cell structure disturbance and apoptosis. The sensitive parameters of TTFields for normal and cancerous cells are different, but TTFields has no effect on quiescent cells. Hence, it has the advantages of fewer side effects and less trauma, and has great potential. Additionally, its efficacy and safety have been verified in phase III clinical trials of glioblastoma multiforme. Some clinical trials on TTFields have also been carried out in other kinds of solid tumours. This article reviewed the latest research progress of TTFields, expounding its micromechanism and discussing its application prospects in head and neck cancer. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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China Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery    2023, 21 (4): 0-0.   Abstract （75）      PDF （448KB）（81）       Knowledge map    Related Articles | Metrics

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Application and modification of collagen membrane in guided bone regeneration techniques GU An-qi, ZHOU Wen-jie, WANG Yue-ping China Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery    2023, 21 (6): 615-620.   DOI: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2023.06.014 Abstract （86）      PDF （791KB）（79）       Knowledge map    Collagen is the most abundant protein in mammals. Biomembrane made of collagen as the main material has good physicochemical properties and biological activities, which is widely used in bone tissue engineering and other medical fields. In terms of guided bone regeneration (GBR), the collagen membrane has a broad scope in its clinical application as a barrier membrane, but still has disadvantages such as uncontrolled degradation, low mechanical strength, etc. In order to improve these shortcomings, the continuous development of new collagen membranes through cross-linking, mineralization, and surface modification has become the future development trend in this field. In this paper, the application and modification of collagen membrane in GBR was reviewed to provide novel insights into the research and development of new membranes. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Summary of ISSVA classification of vascular anomalies and review of literature in molecular biology LI Xiao, FAN Xin-dong, ZHENG Jia-wei China Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery    2023, 21 (3): 286-290.   DOI: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2023.03.014 Abstract （105）      PDF （779KB）（78）       Knowledge map    Vascular abnormalities are the general name of a group of diseases, which are divided into two categories by the International Society for the Study of Vascular Anomalies(ISSVA): vascular tumors and vascular malformations. In this paper, the latest research results of genetic changes in vascular diseases were summarized in combination with their molecular pathological manifestations. In glomuvenous malformations, the mutant globulin may activate PI3K signal through interaction with c-met. In addition, they may inhibit TGF-β-mediating smooth muscle cell differentiation and induce proliferation of so-called vascular globular cells. The mutation of PIK3CA in lymphatic malformation may stimulate the expression of VEGF-C or VEGFR3, induce the combination of PIK3CA with cell membrane, or increase cell proliferation, chemotaxis and angiogenesis by activating downstream Akt/mTOR. Mutation of RAS pathway in AVM may activate MEK/ERK signal, and RAS activation may induce morphological changes of endothelial cells, increase of budding behavior, expansion of vascular lumen, and abnormal connection between arteries and veins without cell proliferation. Mutation of VEGFR2 and TEM8 in infantile hemangioma leads to increased interaction between VEGFR2, TEM8 and integrin, and the resulting inactivation of integrin/NFATc2/VEGFR1 pathway may lead to phosphorylation of VEGFR2 and endothelial activation. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Diagnosis and treatment of oral soft tissue infection caused by pericoronitis after bone marrow transplantation: a case report PANG Chao-yuan, TIAN Wen-yan China Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery    2023, 21 (4): 421-424.   DOI: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2023.04.018 Abstract （139）      PDF （1159KB）（75）       Knowledge map    Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(HSCT) is one of the important methods for the treatment of severe aplastic anemia(SAA). Some oral complications will occur during bone marrow transplantation period such as oral ulcer and infections. Prevention and treatment of these oral complications reasonably is the key to the success of bone marrow transplantation. In this paper, we reported the clinical treatment of a patient with oral soft tissue infection caused by pericoronitis after bone marrow transplantation, in order to investigate oral health management of bone marrow transplantation patients and provide some reference to improve the success rate of bone marrow transplantation. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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The incidence and risk factors of acute kidney injury after surgery for oromaxillofacial head and neck tumor LI Ping, LUO Tao, HUANG Can, ZHOU Chi, SUN Yu China Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery    2023, 21 (4): 384-389.   DOI: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2023.04.011 Abstract （114）      PDF （680KB）（73）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To determine the incidence and risk factors of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients undergoing surgery for oromaxillofacial head and neck tumors. METHODS: Patients undergoing surgery for oromaxillofacial head and neck cancer from January 2014 to December 2021 at Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine were collected and retrospectively analyzed. AKI was defined an absolute increase in plasma creatinine of 26.5 μmol/L within 48 h or a 1.5 times increase in creatinine within 7 days according to the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes(KDIGO) criteria. Two groups were divided according to whether AKI occurred after surgery: AKI group and non-AKI group. The incidence of postoperative AKI was calculated, and the rates of postoperative mechanical ventilation, mortality, ICU stay, length of hospital stay and hospital costs were compared between the two groups. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent risk factors for AKI with SPSS 26.0 software package. RESULTS: A total of 6 830 patients (mean age 59.3 years, 4 238 men and 2 592 women) were included. Postoperative AKI was observed in 134(2.0%) patients, with stage 1, 2 and 3 AKI in 129, 4 and 1, respectively. Multivariate logistic analysis revealed that female (OR=2.166, 95%CI: 1.440-3.259), non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs) (OR=2.305, 95%CI: 1.088-4.883), anemia(OR=1.688, 95%CI: 1.132-2.517), albuminuria(OR=2.080, 95%CI: 1.242-3.482) and prolonged anesthesia (OR=0.346, 95%CI: 0.196-0.612) were independently associated with the development of AKI. Patients in the AKI group had a higher mortality rate(1.0%) during hospitalization, but AKI did not impact clinical outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Postoperative AKI occurred in 2.0% of patients after oromaxillofacial head and neck tumor surgery. Female, NSAIDs, anemia, albuminuria and long-term anesthesia were independent risk factors for postoperative AKI. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of highly cited papers in Chinese core journals of stomatology from 2016 to 2021 LI Xue-lu, XU Ling, ZHANG Hui-hong China Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery    2023, 21 (3): 272-278.   DOI: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2023.03.012 Abstract （127）      PDF （1055KB）（73）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To objectively evaluate the distribution characteristics of highly cited papers(HCP) in 19 core journals of stomatology, and to explore the recent research hotspots in stomatology. METHODS: HCPs in 19 core journals of stomatology from January 2016 to December 2021were retrieved from CNKI database. The years, institutions, journals, fund, key words and the citation frequencies of HCPs were recorded. The data were analyzed by bibliometrics methods and SATI was used to draw a co-occurrence knowledge map. RESULTS: A total of 187 highly cited papers was selected. “Chinese Journal of Stomatology” was the journal with the most HCPs and the highest total citations, while “Shanghai Journal of Stomatology” with the highest mean citation counts. The top 10 institutions published 99 HCPs, accounting for 52.94%. The largest number of HCPs had a collaboration among 2 authors. There were 96 papers supported by fund (51.34%) while 91 papers without fund(48.66%). Among the six highest cited papers in the years, 3 were editorials, 2 were consensus and guidelines, and 1 was clinical research. "Chronic periodontitis", "root canal treatment", "CAD/CAM" and "clear aligners" were the most common key words. CONCLUSIONS: There is a mutual relationship between establishing a good journal brand and high-quality papers. The best cooperation scale should be selected for scientific creation. Editorials, consensus and guidelines in stomatology have an obvious advantage in achieving high citations. "Digital stomatology" may be the development trend and frontier in the next few years. The research results have certain guidance value for the construction of journals, manuscript selection and talent training. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Recent advances in mouth breathing diagnosis and effects on dento-maxillofacial development in children ZHENG Yang-shan, YUAN Xue-shun, JIANG Jing, QIU Shu-qi, SHI Zhao-hui China Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery    2024, 22 (1): 92-101.   DOI: 10.19438/j.cjoms.2024.01.016 Abstract （64）      PDF （1261KB）（72）       Knowledge map    Upper airway obstruction can lead to mouth breathing, which is much prevalent in children. Studies have indicated that in early childhood, prolonged mouth breathing leads to muscular and postural alterations which, in turn, result in dentoskeletal changes, or even worse, dentofacial deformities and sleep-related breathing disorders. A multidisciplinary team, involving otolaryngologists, dental providers, and somnologists, should work to provide early diagnosis and appropriate treatment, preventing the consequent disorders of mouth breathing. More and more studies in recent years have focused on mouth breathing diagnosis and its effects on dento-maxillofacial development as well as its possible mechanisms in children. Nevertheless, the etiology, diagnosis, treatment options, postoperative care, mechanism of mouth breathing impact on dento-maxillofacial development, and its relationship with sleep-disordered breathing remain controversial. This review summarized the latest advances in mouth breathing, demonstrating the current status and advances of research on mouth breathing diagnosis, dento-maxillofacial development, and multidisciplinary collaboration. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics